Git

Links

• Git on Wikipedia
• Git User Manual
• Git - SVN Crash Course Explaining Git by using SVN equivalences
• Git Magic tips compilation
• Git by example
• An introduction to git-svn for Subversion/SVK users and deserters

Install

sudo apt-get install git-svn git-doc git-gui tig

Writing to global ~/.gitconfig file:

git config --global user.name "Your Name Comes Here"
git config --global user.email you@yourdomain.example.com
git config --global color.diff auto
git config --global color.status auto
git config --global color.branch auto

Creating a .git in the current (project) directory:

git init

Basic usage

Schedule a file for committing

git add <file>

Committing

git commit

Note that a modified file must be explicitly added every time, unless you use

git commit -a

File renaming is implicit, so you don't have to take care, just rename your files if you want

Diff between working files & repository

git diff

With specific revision or path

git diff <rev> <path>

E.g with one but last commit

git diff HEAD~1

This provides usage patches, including metadata, can be applied with

git apply

Status of local working files

git status

Initial project

Add manually files/directories e.g. with

git init
git add .
git commit

Copying existing project

Clone an existing Git repository into a to-be-created target directory:

git clone /path/to/other/repository target

Remote repositories can also be accessed with paths like

ssh://login@host/path/to/repository
git://git.software.org/trunk
http://git.software.org/trunk

Later to update the local repository according to the remote repository:

git pull

Symmetrically the remote repository owner could also get the changes we've done locally if she does:

git pull /path/to/our/target

Or we could send them ourselves if we've write access on the remote:

git push

BTW the remote can create a shortcut to us to not have to provide our full path everytime

git remote add ourshortcut /path/to/our/target

And now use directly

git remote show ourshortcut
git pull ourshortcut

Note that git pull ourshortcut ==

git fetch ourshortcut
git merge ourshortcut/master

Using a Subversion server

Getting the full project:

# git clone =>
git-svn clone http://subversion.server.com/project -T trunk -b branches -t tags
(git-gc to compress if it took a big room)

Updating the local repository according to the subversion server:

# git pull =>
git-svn rebase

Sending the local changes to the subversion server:

# git push =>
git-svn dcommit

Ignoring some files

cat > .gitignore <<EOF
*.pyc
*~
EOF
git add .gitignore

Now you can also delete all files neither tracked nor ignored with:

git clean

Misc

• Revisions are SHA-1 hashes, not incremental numbers.
  You can refer to the latest revision by HEAD, its parent as HEAD^ and its parent as HEAD^^ = HEAD~2
  You can also just type the first digits of the hash (if it's enough to get a unique ID)
  man git-rev-parse for more details
• The Git commands are in the form git command. You can interchangeably use the git-command form as well.

etckeeper

TODO